The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is the federal district in the southeastern part of Australia, enclaved within New South Wales. It is the smallest territory in the country, covering a land area of approximately 910 square miles. Its location was chosen to establish a seat for the federal government and was officially declared a territory in 1911.
The largest city and the capital of Australia, Canberra, is located in this territory, hence its name. Canberra is also the economic and cultural hub of the ACT. About 427,000 people live in the Australian Capital Territory, most of whom are centered in Canberra.
The ACT features a range of climates, with warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. It is known for its many outdoor activities, from bushwalking to boating. The territory is also home to a number of national institutions, including the Australian War Memorial, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Library of Australia, and the Australian National University.
The region operates as a parliamentary democracy, similar to other Australian states. The locals are the most highly educated and earn an average income higher than the national average. ACT's economy is largely based on public administration and safety, which accounts for a large number of employees.
ACT is also recognized for its strong focus on environmental sustainability, with progressive policies on areas like renewable energy use and water management in place. The territory aims to be carbon neutral by 2045.
The Aboriginal Ngunnawal and Ngambri people are recognized as the traditional custodians of the ACT and region.
