Alsace Grand Cru is a designated wine-growing region in the Alsace wine region of France. It is known for producing high-quality wines under strict production methods. The designation was first introduced in 1975 and has since been granted to 51 specific vineyards in Alsace.
The region is famous for four grape varieties: Riesling, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Gris and Muscat. These varieties are grown on a unique geographical area that has a combined total of about 4,000 acres of vines. The geographical location and the climatic conditions in the Alsace region, characterized by a semi-continental climate, makes it suitable for wine production.
The vineyards are usually situated on steep slopes at an altitude of between 200 and 300 meters. The soils are diverse and can range from granite, limestone, to clay and loam.
The production rules for the Alsace Grand Cru appellation are strict, with regulations governing everything from the location of the vineyard, the grape varieties that can be used, the maximum yields, to the minimum potential alcohol level for the finished wine.
Alsace Grand Cru wines are known for their distinctive fruity flavors, floral aromas, high acidity and noticeable minerality. The wines produced from this region are usually full-bodied and have the potential to age well. They can be enjoyed on their own or paired with a variety of foods.
In addition to still wines, some vineyards in the Grand Cru are authorized to produce late harvest wines, specifically Vendanges Tardives (VT) and Sélection de Grains Nobles (SGN), which are sweeter and known for their complexity and longevity.
